Textes traduits de l’anglais au français – ALIMENTATION

—– Les extraits d’articles ont été traduits de l’anglais au français par Elisabeth AURIAT, anciennement professeur d’anglais à l’université (cours axés sur la traduction et la préparation aux examens d’anglais), titulaire d’examens axés sur la traduction (DIPTRANS) et auteure de l ivres d’anglais — ——

Articles de presse rédigés en anglais traduits de l’anglais au français – traduction commentée et justifiée paragraphe après paragraphe,

Abonnez-vous à www.anglaisa1c2.com pour accéder (immédiatement) à près de 1000 fiches, de leçons et d’exercices corrigés d’anglais (a1/a2/b1/b2/c1/c2) pdf à imprimer et à télécharger – S’abonner

Food: nourriture (terme générique)

Foods: aliments

TEXTE 1 à traduire de l’anglais au français –

The Truth About Gluten

La vérité sur le gluten

More and more groceries and health food stores stock gluten-free products. That’s good news for people with celiac disease, who for health reasons should not eat wheat with gluten.

Yet paradoxically, most of the people who reach for gluten-free products don’t have celiac disease and or even a sensitivity to wheat, Peter H.R. Green, MD, director of the Celiac Disease Center at Columbia University, told WebMD. « The market for gluten-free products is exploding. Why exactly we don’t know. Many people may just perceive that a gluten-free diet is healthier. »

In fact, it isn’t. For people with celiac disease, a gluten-free diet is essential. But for others, « unless people are very careful, a gluten-free diet can lack vitamins, minerals, and fiber, » says Green.

Abonnez-vous pour accéder à la traduction (commentée) de l’anglais au français, dès aujourd’hui

Découvrez la suite de ce contenu dès aujourd’hui en vous abonnant.

Abonnez-vous

TEXTE 2 à traduire de l’anglais au français –

Researchers find a western-style diet can impair brain function (1)

Des chercheurs ont découvert qu’un régime alimentaire de type occidental peut affecter le fonctionnement du cerveau.

After a week on a high fat, high added sugar diet (2), volunteers scored worse on memory tests

Après (3) avoir été volontairement (4) soumis, pendant une semaine (3), à un régime alimentaire riche en graisse (4) et en sucres ajoutés (4), des cobayes (5) ont passé des tests de mémoire et ont obtenu des résultats inférieurs à ceux espérés (6).

What is the ‘Western-style diet’?

En quoi consiste le « régime alimentaire de type occidental » ?

The Western-style diet is characterized by the consumption of highly processed and refined foods, high contents of sugars, salt, and fat and protein from red meat.

This style of diet has been identified as a major contributor to the development of obesity-related diseases including type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease. The Western-style diet has also been associated with an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease.

Consuming a western diet for as little as one week can subtly impair brain function and encourage slim and otherwise healthy young people to overeat, scientists claim.

Researchers found that after seven days on a high fat, high added sugar diet, volunteers in their 20s scored worse on memory tests and found junk food (7) more desirable immediately after they had finished a meal.

The finding suggests that a western diet makes it harder for people to regulate their appetite, and points to disruption in a brain region called the hippocampus as the possible cause.

“After a week on a western-style diet, palatable food such as snacks and chocolate becomes more desirable when you are full (9),” said Richard Stevenson, a (10) professor of psychology at Macquarie University in Sydney.

“This will make it harder to resist, leading you to eat more, which in turn generates

more damage to the hippocampus and a vicious cycle of overeating (11).”

Previous work in animals has shown that junk food impairs the hippocampus, a brain region involved in memory and appetite control.

It is unclear why, but one idea is that the hippocampus normally blocks or weakens memories about food when we are full, so looking at a cake does not flood the mind with memories of how nice cake can be.

“When the hippocampus functions less efficiently, you do get this flood of memories,

and so food is more appealing,” Stevenson said.

To investigate how the western diet affects humans, the scientists recruited 110 lean and healthy students, aged 20 to 23, who generally ate a good diet. Half were randomly assigned to a control group who ate their normal diet for a week.

The other half were put on a high energy western-style diet, which featured a generous intake of Belgian waffles and fast food.

At the start and end of the week, the volunteers ate breakfast in the lab. Before and after the meal, they completed word memory tests and scored a range of high-sugar foods, such as Coco Pops, Frosties and Froot Loops, according to how much they wanted and then liked the foods on eating them.

“The more desirable people find the palatable food when full, following the western-style diet, the more impaired they were on the test of hippocampal function,” Stevenson said. The finding suggests that disruption of the hippocampus may underpin both, he added.

Stevenson believes that in time governments will come under pressure to impose restrictions on processed food, much as they did to deter smoking.

“Demonstrating that processed foods can lead to subtle cognitive impairments that affect appetite and serve to promote overeating in otherwise healthy young people should be a worrying finding for everyone,” he said. The work is published in Royal Society Open Science.

In the longer term, eating a western-style diet contributes to obesity and diabetes, both of which have been linked to declines in brain performance and the risk of developing dementia.

“The new thinking here is the realisation that a western-style diet may be generating initial and fairly subtle cognitive impairments, that undermine the control of appetite which gradually opens the way for all of these other effects down the track,” Stevenson said.